Glossary

Glossary

Line-help create the outline of an object, these can be straight or curved but are present everywhere, and go from one point to another.

Colour- the property possessed by an object as a result of the way it reflects/emits light.

Saturation- the intensity of a colour, expressed as the degree it differs from white.

Muted Colour- primary or secondary colours mixed with a grey to essentially ‘tone’ them down. 

Analogous Colours- groups of three colours that are next to each other on the colour wheel, with one being the dominant colour, which is usually a primary or secondary colour, and one on either side of the colour.

Texture- the feel, appearance, or consistency of a surface or a substance. The texture of an object may be affected by the direction/angle at which light hits it, this is due to the light creating shadows on the object.

Shape-Shape is an area enclosed by a line, this could be an outline or an area shaded in. Shapes can be either geometric (circles, squares, triangles) or irregular which are not standard shapes. 

Tone-Tone refers to the lightness or darkness of something, this could be a shade or how light/dark something is. Tones are created by the way light falls on a 3D object. Tone can be used to express gender as lighter tones are used to suggest femininity, whereas darker tones are used to suggest masculinity. Examples of where tone is present are: flowers, bricks, water, peoples faces, etc…

Negative space-Shapes created in the spaces between the shapes.

ISO-The lower the ISO number, the less sensitive it is to the light, and the higher an ISO it increases the sensitivity of your camera. The component that changes your sensitivity is called “image sensor."

Reflection- Reflection is the throwing back by a body or surface of light, heat, or sound without absorbing it. Reflection is not a formal element, but, it is a vital consideration in framing a composition/establishing a balance. Reflection can be used abstractly.

Motion-Motion is the action or process of moving or being moved.

Form-Form is the visible shape or configuration of an object, it is the particular way it appears. Shading helps contribute to form.

Pattern-Pattern is a repeated, and decorative design which something is completed. It can be used on curtains, covers, books, chairs etc… patterns are basically used everywhere. Patterns can be structured and linear, however they can also be more free and random.

Depths Of Field- the distance between the nearest, and furthest object in an image. A shallow depth of field focuses mainly on one close object, blurring the background. Whereas, a wide depth of field focuses on all aspects of the image. 

Aperture- Controls the amount of light which enters into the camera lens, you can change this manually if needed. the lower the f. the more light that's let it, whereas the higher the f. the less light it allows in.

Shutter Speed- the time which the shutter is open in the camera, allowing more, or less light in. 

SLR- single lens reflex, this is a mirror which allows the photographer to look through the lens and see what the image will come out like. 

Deadpan- usually used in portraits, where the individual holds no expression

PPI- pixels per inch, this controls the size of the photograph

white balance- the colour balance on a digital camera, you adjust the white balance to make the colours in an image as accurate as possible 

Hue and saturation- saturation defines the intensity of the hue, they both relate to colour.

Burning tool- Makes an image darker

Dodge tool- Makes an image lighter

Lowkey Lighting- used to portray mood, and mystery. It's dark lighting and provides detail on skin etc… 

Highkey Lighting- This is bright lighting which is usually used on beauty shoots, it portrays fun and light-heartedness.

Snoot- a snoot is a tube object that fits over a studio light/ portable flash and allows the photographer to control the direction and radius of the light beam

Exposure metre- an instrument which measures the intensity of the light in a certain place. 

Snoot- this is a tube object, which fits over a studio light, allowing the photographer to control the direction of the beam of light.

Honeycomb- this is a grid like structure which creates a tight beam of light, allowing the photographer to focus their lighting.